According to the Stack Overflow 2016 survey, desktop developers now constitute just 6.9 percent of all developers (and that also includes Mac Desktops). Files can be opened for reading, writing, or both. Once connection has been made, any of the (usually) several browsers available can be used to start …

Linux is the best-known and most-used open source operating system. Imagine that a fictitious company, ABC, Inc., buys a piece of soft- ware from a fictitious software vendor, ACME, Inc., to integrate its sales and accounting information with customers via the Internet. In year 2006 approximately 800 Linux malware were …

For copying files, for example, you need to download another tool when you use Windows. This can be extremely useful if the output or calculation you require consists of multiple commands, and it will be expected multiple times throughout the script execution. There are several good reasons for becoming familiar …

ARP is not just restricted to ethernet devices, it can resolve IP addresses for other physical media, for example FDDI. It's basically community version of Red Hat without any fee or support. You can have the same issues with Linux, except most Linux upgrades don't require application reinstalls (and I've …

Thus, if one developer obtains and improves the source code of a program, the original author has the right to reject those improvements. Most open source applications have their own communities which are constantly evolving the software thus improving its quality and security. It was unbelievably naive of them to …

In 2013, LinuxCounter.net (http://linuxcounter.net) estimated that the number of Linux users was over 70 million, and Google estimated that over 900 million Linux- based Android devices had shipped to date. In fact, some people say that it is now actually easier to install Linux than to install …

Users of closed source operating systems must report the bug to the manufacturer and wait for the manufacturer to develop, test, and release a solution to the problem, known as a hot fix. Thus, there is no term free mathematics. Outsource open source software development to O2I and benefit from …

Further complications arise when shared virtual memory is not locked into physical memory. It is the scheduler that must select the most deserving process to run out of all of the runnable processes in the system. Even if you are an aged UNIX guru, what follows is probably of interest …

Time enough for a soapbox. The application can then trap into the kernel through this well-defined mechanism and execute only code that the kernel allows it to execute. In this case the semaphore clean up code simply discards the sem_undo data structure. Andrew Tannenbaum developed it for teaching purposes and …

In this article we will introduce you to why these accounts are important. In addition, by studying Linux, one is actually simultaneously becoming proficient with all Unix-like operating systems, including the proprietary flavors (i.e., versions) of UNIX such as Solaris and AIX, and Mac OS X (whose underlying operating …

Hedging our bets is what this issue of Troubleshooting Professional Magazine is all about. In this case the semaphore clean up code simply discards the sem_undo data structure. Commands run as a result of command substitu- tion ignore the keyboard-generated job control signals SIGTTIN, SIGTTOU, and SIGTSTP. All system times …

As a result, most desktop and server Linux systems that run antivirus and anti-malware software today do so because they host files that may be shared with Win- dows computers. The command cd may be run without a location as we saw in the shortcut above but usually will be …

The API merely defines the interface; the piece of software that actually provides the API is known as the implementation of the API. Most recently, the U.S. Before I became involved in Free Software, I had far different opinions, ideas, and beliefs than I do today. This highly stable …

Linux provides any tools you need as a developer to operate a scalable, secure servers. When Corporations are happy with the used software they donate money to the communities in order to be able to continue their work and developing new versions. Instead, it focuses on user-space system-level programming, that …

For example, we can have a container which is a database program. The instructions executed by the processor are very simple; for example ``read the contents of memory at location X into register Y'. After being compiled into machine language, all programs look the same to the computer operating system …

You can code one version of your software and give it away freely, yet still maintain a commercial version with enhanced features. This tutorial is organised as such, with each section building upon the knowledge and skills learned in the previous sections. Dynamically loading code as it is needed is …

As Fedora is backed by Red Hat, you can expect it to work without issues while development process. Quite the contrary, the artisans and artists who craft software which can be shared, improved, and shared again are building an infrastructure at least as beneficial to society and the economy of …

If that original deal with Target and Best Buy had worked out, we would have never accepted the next deal, which turned into a long-lasting business relationship that WOODCHUCK is still part of today.

Just as Kevin and I were wondering what to do with the nearly sixty thousand iPad …

Trish didn’t make us sign any contracts, which made it seem like we would have been fools to not accept her offer. Shortly after that, we ended up becoming very close. In fact, I thought of her as a sister and mentor at one point. When times got tough …

I thought about what he was trying to tell me, and said, “You know what? I think that actually makes a lot of sense.”

Exactly at that moment, my shift in mindset occurred. Total financial disaster had instantly transformed into my official arrival on the entrepreneurial scene. I was getting …

I thought about what he was trying to tell me, and said, “You know what? I think that actually makes a lot of sense.”

Exactly at that moment, my shift in mindset occurred. Total financial disaster had instantly transformed into my official arrival on the entrepreneurial scene. I was getting …

What interesting system calls are provided in Linux compared to other Unix variants? One of the ideas behind Open Source software is that users can be co-developers, suggesting how to improve it and helping to find out bugs. Traditionally, Unix programs have been single-threaded, owing to Unix's historic simplicity, fast …

When you suffer from pain and stiffness on a daily basis, exercise might be the last thing you feel like doing. However, exercise should be an important part of everyone’s daily life, especially if you have arthritis, because being inactive increases your risk of being overweight and developing heart …

Organic/SEO traffic: This report shows what your SEO traffic was for a time period. It's important to watch trends happening with this. Look as far back to the same time period as last year and see whether there are any seasonality trends or increases/decreases from year to year …

It would not be enough to stop here, though. OSS is developed by those people who have a use for it. TCP/IP is so entrenched that Windows implemented it. Shell scripts are not unlike Windows batch files for controlling the system, but a lot more powerful.

Learn how I …

Getting involved with kernel development is, paradoxically, both easier than it seems like it should be, and also ridiculously difficult. These unique addresses are built into each ethernet device when they are manufactured and it is usually kept in an SROM2 on the ethernet card. Different distributions have chosen varying …

When job control is not in effect, background jobs (jobs started with &) ignore SIGINT and SIGQUIT. The examples continue, but all hit the same chord: there is no use in preventing the spread of information. It is a synthasisable core and ARM (the company) does not itself manufacture processors. Sed …

The software that handles or manages a hardware controller is known as a device driver. The platters are attached to a central spindle and spin at a constant speed that can vary between 3000 and 10,000 RPM depending on the model. We can access the database from other programs …

The kernel calls the modules initialization routine and, if it is successful it carries on installing the module. The caricatures speak of wizard-like "graybeards" sitting behind glowing green screens, writing C code and shell scripts, powered by old-fashioned, drip-brewed coffee. The importance of Linux to enterprise IT was highlighted very …

From the inode number, the inode is found. So what do I mean by transparent? As a standard user, you are essentially restricted to working with files of your own creation. bash allows the current readline key bindings to be displayed or modified with the bind built-in command.

How to …

Behavior changes and features are added. So, the FAT module contains a reference to the VFAT module; the reference was added when the VFAT module was loaded. A way to prevent that is regular updates and only download software, themes and plugns form reliable sources. But, if we each have …

When you enter commands, they are actually stored in a history. If you do this, or try to exit again immediately, you are not warned again, and the stopped jobs are terminated. But the Linux community is much more than the kernel, and needs contributions from lots of other people …

The world economy will not collapse if creators of software choose to share their work with the world. Running a UNIX system is not an easy task, not even for commercial versions of UNIX. Open source software isn't free from cost, of course. Make use of this command often so …

ansi2knr recognizes functions by seeing a nonkeyword identifier at the left margin, followed by a left parenthesis, with a right parenthesis as the last character on the line. At Outsource2india, we have experienced and skilled software engineers who can proficiently build a software system by using open source software. Even …

Its vast package database and supportive community is another plus point. This means that if a system has two IDE controllers there will be entries for the IDE subsystem at indices at 3 and 22 in the blk_dev and blkdevs vectors. Most of the time you will be issuing commands …

Synchronous jobs started by bash have signals set to the values inherited by the shell from its parent. The use of pipes, on the other hand, turns Unix and Linux into software LEGO, which lets you build complex programs out of a simple set of building blocks. insmod copies the …

The entire Linux kernel was written from scratch, without employing any code from proprietary sources. Instead of a simple binary check, capabilities allow the kernel to base access on much more fine-grained settings. The most popular include Perl, Python, PHP, and Tcl. If you can use a computer or other …

Linux moving into the mainstream is a great thing. Background processes that attempt to read from (write to) the terminal are sent a SIGTTIN (SIGTTOU) signal by the terminal driver, which, unless caught, suspends the process. Another excellent source for assistance (and encouragement) is a local Linux Users Group (LUG …

A thread is the unit of activity within a process. This is also the reason serious Linux users prefer the command line. However, such programs are typically also made available for free (usually as a free download from the Internet). lsmod simply reformats /proc/modules which is built from the …

Missing a character, or reading them in any other order, would make little sense. For the most part, the Linux community communicates via various mailing lists and USENET newsgroups. Some tasks will be just as easy in either environment. There is also a level of indirection introduced that makes accesses …